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Professor Alison Joy Downard

Contact

Department: School of Physical & Chemical Sciences

Email: alison.downard@canterbury.ac.nz

Direct Dial: +64 3 3694228

Office: Beatrice Tinsley 426

Language: English

About
Research / Creative works
Networks

Fields of Research

  • Nanoscale grafted layers
  • Electrochemistry
  • Surface chemistry
  • Carbon materials
  • Metal oxides
  • Nanotechnology

Researcher Summary

Our major research focus combines electrochemistry and surface chemistry. We specialise in preparation of nanoscale organic layers on conducting materials, frequently through electrografting procedures. Our work has contributed to the basic understanding of how the layers form, their structure and their attachment to the substrate. Our expertise includes developing methods for patterning these layers and for preparing layers incorporating more than one chemical species  in controlled amounts. Through on-surface chemistry on reactive layers, a wide variety of functional interfaces can be prepared. Recently we have expanded our research in two areas: preparing high-performing catalytic electrodes by tailoring immobilised molecular catalysts, and using nanoscale layers to control the surface electronic and chemical properties of transparent conducting oxides.

Subject Area: Disciplines

  • Chemistry: Electrochemistry; Physical Chemistry; Surface Chemistry

Resources

  • Staff webpage

Prizes and Awards

    Fellowship
  • Fellow of the Royal Society of New Zealand Te Apārangi ( 2014 )
  • Distinction
  • Docteur Honoris Causa, Université de Rennes 1, France ( 2014 )

Research/Scholarly/Creative Works

(Displaying research/scholarly/creative work from 2000 to 2019)
Journal Articles
  • Lynam MF., Ke NJ., Bradley SJ., Nann T., Neiman A., Reeves RJ., Downard AJ., Golovko VB. and Allen MW. (2019) Size-controlled, high optical quality ZnO nanowires grown using colloidal Au nanoparticles and ultra-small cluster catalysts. APL Materials 7(2) http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5054355.
  • Schuurman JC., McNeill AR., Martinez-Gazoni RF., Scott JI., Reeves RJ., Allen MW. and Downard AJ. (2019) The effect of covalently bonded aryl layers on the band bending and electron density of SnO2 surfaces probed by synchrotron X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 21(32): 17913-17922. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9cp03040a.
  • Wu T., Lankshear ER. and Downard AJ. (2019) Simultaneous Electro-Click and Electrochemically Mediated Polymerization Reactions for One-Pot Grafting from a Controlled Density of Anchor Sites. ChemElectroChem 6(19): 5149-5154. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/celc.201901395.
  • Downard AJ., Farquhar AK. and Brooksby PA. (2018) Measuring the Capacitance at Few- and Many-Layered Graphene Electrodes in Aqueous Acidic Solutions. Journal of Physical Chemistry C 122(11): 6103-6108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.7b12493.
  • Farquhar AK., Brooksby PA. and Downard AJ. (2018) Controlled Spacing of Few-Layer Graphene Sheets Using Molecular Spacers: Capacitance That Scales with Sheet Number. ACS Applied Nano Materials 1(3): 1420-1429. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.8b00280.
  • McNeill AR., Bell KJ., Hyndman AR., Gazoni RM., Reeves RJ., Downard AJ. and Allen MW. (2018) Synchrotron X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Study of Electronic Changes at the ZnO Surface Following Aryldiazonium Ion Grafting: A Metal-to-Insulator Transition. Journal of Physical Chemistry C 122(24): 12681-12693. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.8b00758.
  • Sherman HG., Jovanovic C., Stolnik S., Baronian K., Downard AJ. and Rawson FJ. (2018) New perspectives on iron uptake in eukaryotes. Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences 5(NOV) http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmolb.2018.00097.
  • Breton T. and Downard AJ. (2017) Controlling Grafting from Aryldiazonium Salts: A Review of Methods for the Preparation of Monolayers. Australian Journal of Chemistry 70(9): 960-972. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/CH17262.
  • Farquhar AK., Brooksby PA., Dryfe RAW. and Downard AJ. (2017) Controlled electrodeposition of gold nanoparticles onto copper-supported few-layer graphene in non-aqueous conditions. Electrochimica Acta 237: 54-60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2017.03.206.
  • Ounnunkad K., Patten HV., Velický M., Farquhar AK., Brooksby PA., Downard AJ. and Dryfe RAW. (2017) Electrowetting on conductors: Anatomy of the phenomenon. Faraday Discussions 199: 49-61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6fd00252h.
  • Brooksby PA., Shields JD., Farquhar AK. and Downard AJ. (2016) Reduction of Nitrophenyl Films in Aqueous Solutions: How Many Electrons? ChemElectroChem 3(12): 2021-2026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/celc.201600395.
  • Farquhar AK., Dykstra HM., Waterland MR., Downard AJ. and Brooksby PA. (2016) Spontaneous Modification of Free-Floating Few-Layer Graphene by Aryldiazonium Ions: Electrochemistry, Atomic Force Microscopy, and Infrared Spectroscopy from Grafted Films. Journal of Physical Chemistry C 120(14): 7543-7552. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.5b11279.
  • Farquhar AK., Fitchett CM., Dykstra HM., Waterland MR., Brooksby PA. and Downard AJ. (2016) Diels-alder reaction of anthranilic acids: A versatile route to dense monolayers on flat edge and basal plane graphitic carbon substrates. ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces 8(35): 23389-23395. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsami.6b07727.
  • Lee L., Brooksby PA., Hapiot P. and Downard AJ. (2016) Electrografting of 4-Nitrobenzenediazonium Ion at Carbon Electrodes: Catalyzed and Uncatalyzed Reduction Processes. Langmuir 32(2): 468-476. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b03233.
  • Lee L., Gunby NR., Crittenden DL. and Downard AJ. (2016) Multifunctional and Stable Monolayers on Carbon: A Simple and Reliable Method for Backfilling Sparse Layers Grafted from Protected Aryldiazonium Ions. Langmuir 32(11): 2626-2637. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b04546.
  • McMorran DA., Fitzpatrick MG., Cunninghame RG., Downard AJ., Robinson WT. and Hanton LR. (2016) X-Ray Structures and Dynamic Solution Behaviours of Five-Coordinate Nickel(II) Complexes Containing Di-and Tritertiary Arsine Ligands. Australian Journal of Chemistry 69(5): 512-523. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/CH15693.
  • McNeill A., Hyndman A., Reeves R., Downard AJ. and Allen M. (2016) Tuning the Band Bending and Controlling the Surface Reactivity at Polar and NonPolar Surfaces of ZnO through Phosphonic Acid Binding. ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces 8 31392: 31392-31402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsami.6b10309.
  • McNeill AR., Hyndman AR., Reeves RJ., Downard AJ. and Allen MW. (2016) Tuning the Band Bending and Controlling the Surface Reactivity at Polar and Nonpolar Surfaces of ZnO through Phosphonic Acid Binding. ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces 8(45): 31392-31402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsami.6b10309.
  • Menanteau T., Dias M., Levillain E., Downard AJ. and Breton T. (2016) Electrografting via Diazonium Chemistry: The Key Role of the Aryl Substituent in the Layer Growth Mechanism. Journal of Physical Chemistry C 120(8): 4423-4429. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.5b12565.
  • Brooksby PA., Farquhar AK., Dykstra HM., Waterland MR. and Downard AJ. (2015) Quantum Capacitance of Aryldiazonium Modified Large Area Few-Layer Graphene Electrodes. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C 119(46): 25778-25785. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.5b08622.
  • Harvey HM., Gross AJ., Brooksby P., Downard AJ., Green SJ., Winlove CP., Benjamin N., Winyard PG., Estrela P. and Marken F. (2015) Boron-Doped Diamond Dual-Plate Deep-Microtrench Device for Generator-Collector Sulfide Sensing. Electroanalysis 27(11): 2645-2653. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elan.201500288.
  • Ke NJ., Downard AJ. and Golovko VB. (2015) Carbon nanotube diameter control via catalytic Co nanoparticles electrodeposited in porous alumina membranes. RSC Advances 5(33): 25747-25754. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C5RA00295H.
  • Lee L., Leroux YR., Hapiot P. and Downard AJ. (2015) Amine-Terminated Monolayers on Carbon: Preparation, Characterization, and Coupling Reactions. Langmuir 31(18): 5071-5077. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b00730.
  • Menanteau T., Levillain E., Downard AJ. and Breton T. (2015) Evidence of monolayer formation via diazonium grafting with a radical scavenger: electrochemical, AFM and XPS monitoring. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 17(19): 13137-13142. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5cp01401h.
  • Rawson FJ., Hicks J., Dodd N., Abate W., Garrett DJ., Yip N., Fejer G., Downard AJ., Baronian KHR. and Jackson SK. (2015) Fast, Ultrasensitive Detection of Reactive Oxygen Species Using a Carbon Nanotube Based-Electrocatalytic Intracellular Sensor. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 7(42): 23527-23537. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsami.5b06493.
  • Bell KJ., Brooksby PA., Polson MIJ. and Downard AJ. (2014) Evidence for covalent bonding of aryl groups to MnO2 nanorods from diazonium-based grafting. Chemical Communications 50(89): 13687-13690. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C4CC05606J.
  • Lee L. and Downard AJ. (2014) Preparation of ferrocene-terminated layers by direct reaction with glassy carbon: a comparison of methods. Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry 18(12): 3369-3378. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10008-014-2615-8.
  • Lee L., Ma H., Brooksby PA., Brown SA., Leroux YR., Hapiot P. and Downard AJ. (2014) Covalently-Anchored Carboxyphenyl Monolayer via Aryldiazonium Ion Grafting: a Well-Defined Reactive Tether Layer for On-Surface Chemistry. Langmuir 30(24): 7104-7111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la5013632.
  • Ma H., Lee L., Brooksby PA., Brown S., Fraser SJ., Gordon KC., Leroux Y., Hapiot P. and Downard AJ. (2014) Scanning Tunneling and Atomic Force Microscopy Evidence for Covalent and Noncovalent Interactions between Aryl Films and Highly Ordered Pyrolytic Graphite. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C 118(11): 5820-5826.
  • Rawson FJ., Downard AJ. and Baronian KH. (2014) Electrochemical detection of intracellular and cell membrane redox systems in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Scientific Reports 4 5216: 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep05216.
  • Simons BM., Lehr J., Garrett DJ. and Downard AJ. (2014) Formation of Thick Aminophenyl Films from Aminobenzenediazonium Ion in the Absence of a Reduction Source. Langmuir 30(17): 4989-4996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la501217n.
  • Garrett DJ., Flavel BS., Baronian KHR. and Downard AJ. (2013) Patterned Forests of Vertically-Aligned Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes Using Metal Salt Catalyst Solutions. Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 13(1): 728-731. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2013.7078.
  • Gross AJ., Nock V., Polson MIJ., Alkaisi MM. and Downard AJ. (2013) Surface Patterning Using Two-Phase Laminar Flow and In Situ Formation of Aryldiazonium Salts. Angewandte Chemie International Edition 52(39): 10261-10264. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.201305024.
  • Lee L., Brooksby PA., Leroux YR., Hapiot P. and Downard AJ. (2013) Mixed Monolayer Organic Films via Sequential Electrografting from Aryldiazonium Ion and Arylhydrazine Solutions. Langmuir 29(9): 3133-3139. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la400303x.
  • Babaei A., Garrett DJ. and Downard AJ. (2012) Electrochemical investigations on a third generation biosensor for determination of hydrogen peroxide based on immobilization of myoglobin on a novel platinum nanoparticle/carbon nanotube/ionic liquid/Nafion composite. International Journal of Electrochemical Science 7(4): 3141-3154.
  • Babaei A., Garrett DJ. and Downard AJ. (2012) Electrochemical investigations on a third generation biosensor for determination of hydrogen peroxide based on immobilization of myoglobin on a novel platinum nanoparticle/carbon nanotube/ionic liquid/nafion composite. International Journal of Eletrochemical Science 7(2012): 3141-3154.
  • Chelikani V., Downard AJ., Kunze G., Gooneratne R., Pasco N. and Baronian KHR. (2012) Investigating yeast cell responses to oestrogen by electrochemical detection. Electrochimica Acta 73: 136-140. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2011.11.078.
  • Lee L., Brooksby PA. and Downard AJ. (2012) The stability of diazonium ion terminated films on glassy carbon and gold electrodes. Electrochemistry Communications 19: 67-69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.elecom.2012.03.024.
  • Rawson FJ., Gross AJ., Garrett DJ., Downard AJ. and Baronian KHR. (2012) Mediated electrochemical detection of electron transfer from the outer surface of the cell wall of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Electrochemistry Communications 15(1): 85-87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.elecom.2011.11.030.
  • Babaei A., Garrett DJ. and Downard AJ. (2011) Selective simultaneous determination of paracetamol and uric acid using a glassy carbon electrode modified with multi-walled carbon nanotube/chitosan composite. Electroanalysis 23: 417-423. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elan.201000406.
  • Balakrishnan S., Downard AJ. and Telfer SG. (2011) HKUST-1 growth on glassy carbon. Journal of Materials Chemistry 21: 19207-19209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C1JM13912F.
  • Brooksby PA., Anderson KH., Downard AJ. and Abell AD. (2011) Voltammetric and Electrochemical Impedance Study of Ferrocenyl Containing beta-Peptide Monolayers on Gold. JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C 115(15): 7516-7526. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp12278g.
  • Brooksby PA., Anderson KH., Downard AJ. and Abell AD. (2011) Voltammetric and Electrochemical Impedance Study of Ferrocenyl Containing β-Peptide Monolayers on Gold. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C 115(15): 7516-7526. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp112278g.
  • Chelikani V., Rawson FJ., Downard AJ., Gooneratne R., Kunze G., Pasco N. and Baronian KHR. (2011) Electrochemical detection of oestrogen binding protein interaction with oestrogen in Candida albicans cell lysate. Biosensors and Bioelectronics 26(9): 3737-3741. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bios.2011.01.016.
  • Garrett DJ., Brooksby PA., Rawson FJ., Baronian KHR. and Downard AJ. (2011) Reproducible Fabrication of Robust, Renewable Vertically Aligned Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube/Epoxy Composite Electrodes. Analytical Chemistry 83(21): 8347-8351. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac201769t.
  • Garrett DJ., Jenkins P., Polson MIJ., Leech D., Baronian KHR. and Downard AJ. (2011) Diazonium salt derivatives of osmium bipyridine complexes: Electrochemical grafting and characterisation of modified surfaces. Electrochimica Acta 56(5): 2213-2220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2010.11.070.
  • Gross AJ. and Downard AJ. (2011) Regeneration of Pyrolyzed Photoresist Film by Heat Treatment. Analytical Chemistry 83(6): 2397-2402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac103264v.
  • Gross AJ., Bucher C., Coche-Guerente L., Labbé P., Downard AJ. and Moutet JC. (2011) Nickel (II) tetraphenylporphyrin modified surfaces via electrografting of an aryldiazonium salt. Electrochemistry Communications 13(11): 1236-1239. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.elecom.2011.08.035.
  • Jarrar H., Rolland M., Downard AJ. and Cretin M. (2011) Glucose Biosensor at Ethylenediamine Modified Carbon Electrode. Sensor Lett. 9: 2368-2370. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/sl.2011.1772.
  • Lehr J., Williamson BE. and Downard AJ. (2011) Spontaneous Grafting of Nitrophenyl Groups to Planar Glassy Carbon Substrates: Evidence for Two Mechanisms. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C 115(14): 6629-6634. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp111838r.
  • Leroux YR., Hui F., Noël JM., Roux C., Downard AJ. and Hapiot P. (2011) Design of Robust Binary Film onto Carbon Surface Using Diazonium Electrochemistry. Langmuir 27(17): 11222-11228. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la202250y.
  • Packwood DM., Brooksby PA., Abell AD. and Downard AJ. (2011) pH Dependent Wettability of Carboxyphenyl Films Grafted to Glassy Carbon. Australian Journal of Chemistry 64(1): 122-126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/CH10285.
  • Packwood DM., Brooksby PA., Abell AD. and Downard AJ. (2011) pH-Dependent Wettability of Carboxyphenyl Films Grafted to Glassy Carbon. Australian Journal of Chemistry 64(1): 122-126.
  • Rawson FJ., Garrett DJ., Leech D., Downard AJ. and Baronian KHR. (2011) Electron transfer from Proteus vulgaris to a covalently assembled, single walled carbon nanotube electrode functionalised with osmium bipyridine complex: Application to a whole cell biosensor. Biosensors and Bioelectronics 26(5): 2383-2389. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bios.2010.10.016.
  • Brooksby PA., Anderson KH., Downard AJ. and Abell AD. (2010) Electrochemistry of Ferrocenoyl β-Peptide Monolayers on Gold. Langmuir 26(2): 1334-1339. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la902402t.
  • Flavel BS., Garrett DJ., Lehr J., Shapter JG. and Downard AJ. (2010) Chemically immobilised carbon nanotubes on silicon: Stable surfaces for aqueous electrochemistry. Electrochimica Acta 55(12): 3995-4001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2010.02.046.
  • Flavel BS., Gross AJ., Garrett DJ., Nock V. and Downard AJ. (2010) A Simple Approach to Patterned Protein Immobilization on Silicon via Electrografting from Diazonium Salt Solutions. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 2(4): 1184-1190. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/am100020a.
  • Garrett DJ., Flavel BS., Shapter JG., Baronian KHR. and Downard AJ. (2010) Robust forests of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes chemically assembled on carbon substrates. Langmuir 26(3): 1848-1854. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la902575w.
  • Gross AJ., Yu SSC. and Downard AJ. (2010) Two-Component Mixed and Patterned Films on Carbon Surfaces through the Photografting of Arylazides. Langmuir 26(10): 7285-7292. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la904442u.
  • Lehr J., Garrett DJ., Paulik MG., Flavel BS., Brooksby PA., Williamson BE. and Downard AJ. (2010) Patterning of Metal, Carbon, and Semiconductor Substrates with Thin Organic Films by Microcontact Printing with Aryldiazonium Salt Inks. Analytical Chemistry 82(16): 7027-7034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac101785c.
  • Lehr J., Williamson BE., Barrière F. and Downard AJ. (2010) Dependence of catalytic activity and long-term stability of enzyme hydrogel films on curing time. Bioelectrochemistry 79(1): 142-146. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bioelechem.2009.12.004.
  • Cruickshank AC. and Downard AJ. (2009) Electrochemical stability of citrate-capped gold nanoparticles electrostatically assembled on amine-modified glassy carbon. Electrochimica Acta 54(23): 5566-5570. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2009.04.060.
  • Downard AJ. (2009) Nanoscale films covalently attached to conducting substrates: structure and dynamic behaviour of the layers. International Journal of Nanotechnology 6(3/4): 233-244. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/IJNT.2009.022916.
  • Downard AJ. (2009) Nanoscale films covalently attached to conducting substrates: structure and dynamic behaviour of the layers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 6(3-4): 233-244.
  • Lehr J., Williamson BE., Flavel BS. and Downard AJ. (2009) Reaction of Gold Substrates with Diazonium Salts in Acidic Solution at Open-Circuit Potential. Langmuir 25(23): 13503-13509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la902002n.
  • Liu X., Baronian KHR. and Downard AJ. (2009) Direct growth of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes on planar carbon substrates by thermal chemical vapour deposition. Carbon 47(2): 500-506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2008.10.033.
  • Barrière F. and Downard AJ. (2008) Covalent Modification of Graphitic Carbon Substrates by Non-Electrochemical Methods. Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry 12(10): 1231-1244. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10008-008-0526-2.
  • Fairman C., Yu SSC., Guozhen L., Downard AJ., Hibbert DB. and Gooding JJ. (2008) Exploration of variables in the fabrication of pyrolysed photoresist. Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry 12(10): 1357-1365. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10008-008-0577-4.
  • Liu X., Baronian KHR. and Downard AJ. (2008) Patterned arrays of vertically aligned carbon nanotube microelectrodes on carbon films prepared by thermal chemical vapour deposition. Analytical Chemistry 80(22): 8835-8839. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac801552a.
  • Panther JG., Stillwell KP., Powell KJ. and Downard AJ. (2008) Development and application of the diffusive gradients in thin films technique for the measurement of total dissolved inorganic arsenic in waters. Analytica Chimica Acta 622(1-2): 133-142. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2008.06.004.
  • Panther JG., Stillwell KP., Powell KJ. and Downard AJ. (2008) Perfluorosulfonated Ionomer-Modified Diffusive Gradients in Thin Films: Tool for Inorganic Arsenic Speciation Analysis. Analytical Chemistry 80(24): 9806-9811. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac801678u.
  • Pellissier M., Barrière F., Downard AJ. and Leech D. (2008) Improved stability of redox enzyme layers on glassy carbon electrodes via covalent grafting. Electrochemistry Communications 10(6): 835-838. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.elecom.2008.03.010.
  • Yu SSC., Tan ESQ., Jane RT. and Downard AJ. (2008) An electrochemical and XPS study of reduction of nitrophenyl films covalently grafted to planar carbon surfaces (Langmuir (2007) 23 (11074-11082)). Langmuir 24(13): 7038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la801407c.
  • Cruickshank AC., Tan EQS., Brooksby PA. and Downard AJ. (2007) Are redox probes a useful indicator of film stability? An electrochemical, AFM and XPS study of electrografted amine films on carbon. Electrochemistry Communications 9(7): 1456-1462. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.elecom.2007.02.004.
  • Garrett DJ., Lehr J., Miskelly GM. and Downard AJ. (2007) Microcontact Printing Using the Spontaneous Reduction of Aryldiazonium Salts. Journal of the American Chemical Society 129(50): 15456-15457. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja0775321.
  • Paulik MG., Brooksby PA., Abell AD. and Downard AJ. (2007) Grafting Aryl Diazonium Cations to Polycrystalline Gold: Insights into Film Structure Using Gold Oxide Reduction, Redox Probe Electrochemistry, and Contact Angle Behavior. Journal of Physical Chemistry C 111(21): 7808-7815. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp0706578.
  • Pearson D., Downard AJ., Muscroft-Taylor A. and Abell AD. (2007) Reversible Photoregulation of Binding of α-Chymotrypsin to a Gold Surface. Journal of the American Chemical Society 129(48): 14862-14863. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja0766674.
  • Pietak A., Korte S., Tan E., Downard A. and Staiger MP. (2007) Atomic Force Microscopy Characterisation of the Surface Wettability of Natural Fibres. Applied Surface Science 253(7): 3627-3635. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2006.07.082.
  • Yu SSC. and Downard AJ. (2007) Photochemical Grafting and Activation of Organic Layers on Glassy Carbon and Pyrolyzed Photoresist Films. Langmuir 23(8): 4662-4668. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la063532n.
  • Yu SSC., Tan ESQ., Jane RT. and Downard AJ. (2007) An Electrochemical and XPS Study of Reduction of Nitrophenyl Films Covalently Grafted to Planar Carbon Surfaces. Langmuir 23(22): 11074-11082. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la701655w.
  • Zigah D., Pellissier M., Barrière F., Downard AJ. and Hapiot P. (2007) SECM imaging of micropatterned organic films on carbon surfaces. Electrochemistry Communications 9(9): 2387-2392. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.elecom.2007.07.016.
  • Brooksby PA., Anderson KH., Downard AJ. and Abell AD. (2006) Olefin Cross-Metathesis of a Vinyl-Terminated Self-Assembled Monolayer (SAM) on Au(111): Electrochemical Study Using a Ferrocenyl Redox Center. Langmuir 22(22): 9304-9312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la062244o.
  • Downard AJ., Garrett DJ. and Tan ESQ. (2006) Microscale Patterning of Organic Films on Carbon Surfaces Using Electrochemistry and Soft Lithography. Langmuir 22(25): 10739-10746. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la061148k.
  • Downard AJ., Tan ESQ. and Yu SSC. (2006) Controlled Assembly of Gold Nanoparticles on Carbon Surfaces. New Journal of Chemistry 30: 1283-1288. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/B605219C.
  • Brooksby PA. and Downard AJ. (2005) Multilayer Nitroazobenzene Films Covalently Attached to Carbon. An AFM and Electrochemical Study. Journal of Physical Chemistry B 109(18): 8791-8798. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp046095z.
  • Brooksby PA. and Downard AJ. (2005) Nanoscale Patterning of Flat Carbon Surfaces by Scanning Probe Lithography and Electrochemistry. Langmuir 21(5): 1672-1675. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la0468848.
  • Brooksby PA., Downard AJ. and Yu SSC. (2005) Effect of Applied Potential on Arylmethyl Films Oxidatively Grafted to Carbon Surfaces. Langmuir 21: 11304-11311.
  • Downard AJ., Jackson SL. and Tan ESQ. (2005) Fluorescence microscopy study of protein adsorption at modified glassy Carbon Surfaces. Australian Journal of Chemistry 58: 275-279.
  • Yu SSC. and Downard AJ. (2005) Dynamic Behavior of Organic Thin Films Attached to Carbon Surfaces. e-Journal of Surface Science and Nanotechnology 3: 294-298.
  • Brooksby PA. and Downard AJ. (2004) Electrochemical and Atomic Force Microscopy Study of Carbon Surface Modification via Diazonium Reduction in Aqueous and Acetonitrile Solutions. Langmuir 20(12): 5038-5045.
  • Coyle J., Downard AJ., Nelson J., McKee V., Harding C. and Herbst-Irmer R. (2004) Electrochemistry of a labile average-valence dicopper system. Dalton Transactions : 2357-2363.
  • Downard AJ., Phillips IG. and Steel PJ. (2004) Chiral Heterocyclic Ligands. X. Synthesis and Metal Complexes of Hindered and Chiral 2,2′-Bipyrimidines. Australian Journal of Chemistry 57(9): 865-868.
  • Gardiner J., Anderson KH., Downard AJ. and Abell AD. (2004) Synthesis of cyclic beta-amino acid esters from methionine, allylglycine and serine. Journal of Organic Chemistry 69: 3375-3382.
  • Plieger PG., Downard AJ., Moubaraki B., Murray KS. and Brooker S. (2004) Dimetallic complexes of acyclic pyridine-armed ligands derived from 3,6-diformylpyridazine. Dalton Transactions : 2157-2165.
  • Downard AJ., Goodwin NJ. and Henderson W. (2003) Electrochemistry of ferrocenylphosphines FcCH2PR2 (Fc = (η5-C5H5)Fe(η5-C5H4); R = Ph, CH2OH and CH2CH2CN), and some phosphine oxide, phosphine sulfide, phosphonium and metal complex derivatives. Journal of Organometallic Chemistry 676(1-2): 62-72.
  • Downard AJ., Panther J., Kim YC. and Powell KJ. (2003) Lability of metal ion-fulvic acid complexes as probed by FIA and DGT: a comparative study. Analytica Chimica Acta 499(1-2): 17-28.
  • Adams ML., O'Sullivan B., Downard AJ. and Powell KJ. (2002) Stability Constants for Aluminum(III) Complexes with the 1,2-Dihydroxyaryl Ligands Caffeic Acid, Chlorogenic Acid, DHB, and DASA in Aqueous Solution. Journal of Chemical and Engineering Data 47(2): 289-296.
  • Baronian KHR., Downard AJ., Lowen RK. and Pasco N. (2002) Detection of two distinct substrate-dependent catabolic responses in yeast cells using a mediated electrochemical method. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 60(1-2): 108-113.
  • Downard AJ. (2001) Electrically conductive polymers: Prize-winning chemistry. CHEMNZ 82: 7-14.
  • Downard AJ. and Prince MJ. (2001) Barrier Properties of Organic Monolayers on Glassy Carbon Electrodes. Langmuir 17(18): 5581-5586.
  • Downard AJ. (2000) Electrochemically assisted covalent modification of carbon electrodes. Electroanalysis 12(14): 1085-1096.
  • Downard AJ. (2000) Potential-Dependence of Self-Limited Films Formed by Reduction of Aryldiazonium Salts at Glassy Carbon Electrodes. Langmuir 16(24): 9680-9682.
Chapters
  • Downard AJ., Gross AJ. and Simons BM. (2012) Patterned molecular layers on surfaces. In Chehimi MM (Ed.), Aryl Diazonium Salts New Coupling Agents in Polymer and Surface Science: 53-68. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH.
Edited Volumes
  • Blaikie RJ. and Downard AJ. (2006) Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology. Amsterdam: Elsevier. 287-593.
Conference Contributions - Published
  • Brooksby PA., Downard A. and Farquhar A. (2016) The Electrical Double Layer of Aqueous Electrolyte Solutions at Bare and Chemically Modified Few-Layer Graphene Electrodes. In.
  • Staggemeier K., Ke J., Downard A., Golovko V., Chopra N. and Bakker MG. (2013) Growth of Carbon Nanotubes on Mesoporous Silica Coated Planar and Three-Dimensional Surfaces. In MRS Proceedings 1505 http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/opl.2013.521.
Conference Contributions - Other
  • Altenhuber N., Soffe R., Downard A. and Nock VM. (2019) Diabetes Management: Developing a Point-of-Care Insulin Sensor. Wellington, New Zealand: 9th International Conference on Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology (AMN9), 10 Feb 2019.
  • Neiman AM., Lynam M., Downard A., Golovko V., Allen M. and Reeves R. (2017) Photoluminesecence of ZnO nanorods grown from gold nanoparticles of 1-20 nm diameter. Queenstown, New Zealand: 8th International Conference on Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, 12-16 Feb 2017.
  • Brooksby PA., Downard AJ. and Farquhar RM. (2016) The Electrical Double Layer of Aqueous Electrolyte Solutions at Bare and Chemically Modified Few-Layer Graphene Electrodes. Genoa, Italy.: 3rd NanoEnergy. International Conference on Nanotechnology, Nanomaterials & Thin Films for Energy Applications., 27-29 Jul 2016.
  • Downard AJ., Bell KJ. and Brooksby PA. (2015) Metal Oxide Nanomaterials: Tuning Electrochemical Properties Through Surface Modification. Singapore: 8th International conference on Materials for Advanced Technologies of the Materials Research Society of Singapore, 28 Jun-3 Jul 2015.
  • Downard AJ., Lee L., Brooksby PA., Farquhar A., Ma H., Brown SA., Leroux YR. and Hapiot P. (2015) Modification of Edge and Basal Plane Graphitic Carbon using Aryldiazonium Salts: Chemisorption vs Physisorption. Angra dos Reis, Brazil: 16th Topical Meeting, International Society of Electrochemistry, 22-26 Mar 2015.
  • Downard AJ., Lee L., Brooksby PA., Leroux YR. and Hapiot P. (2015) Building complex interfaces at the molecular level. Nelson, New Zealand: 7th International Conference on Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials (AMN-7), 8-12 Feb 2015.
  • Golovko V., Ke NJ. and Downard A. (2015) Towards CNT morphology control via controlled electrodeposition of catalytic MNPs in porous Al2O3. Nelson, New Zealand: AMN-7: Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, 8-12 Feb 2015.
  • Downard AJ. (2014) From the bottom up: electrochemistry as a tool for bottom-up construction of nanoscale funtionalised surfaces. Wellington, New Zealand: Conference for Women in Science, 9-11 Jul 2014.
  • Downard AJ., Lee L., Brooksby PA., Leroux YR. and Hapiot P. (2014) Designer surfaces: robust monolayers for bottom-up construction of functional interfaces. Adelaide, Australia: Royal Australian Chemical Institute National Congress (RACI), 7-12 Dec 2014.
  • Bell KB., Brooksby PA. and Downard AJ. (2013) Tethered Manganese Dioxide Nanoparticles for Pseudocapacitor Electrodes. Auckland, New Zealand: Sixth International Conference on Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology (AMN-6), 11-15 Feb 2013.
  • Downard AJ., Gross AJ., Nock V., Polson MIJ. and Alkaisi MM. (2013) Nanoscale Surface Patterning: New Approaches to Highly Stable Organic Layers via Aryldiazonium Ion Grafting. Auckland, New Zealand: 6th International Conference on Advanced Materials and Technology (AMN6), 11-15 Feb 2013.
  • Downard AJ., Lee L. and Brooksby PA. (2013) A covalently-anchored carboxyphenyl tether layer via aryldiazoniumion grafting: preparation and on-surface chemistry. Santiago de Queretaro, Mexico: 64th Annual Meeting of the International Society of Electrochemistry (ISE), 8-13 Sep 2013.
  • Downard AJ., Lee L., Brooksby PA., Telfer SG., Leroux YR. and Hapiot P. (2013) Robust tether monolayers for bottom-up construction of functional materials. Auckland, New Zealand: ICFPAM, 12th International Conference on Frontiers of Polymers and Advanced Materials, 8-13 Dec 2013.
  • Downard AJ., Ma H., Lee L., Brooksby PA. and Brown SA. (2013) Reduction of diazonium ions at highly ordered pyrolytic graphite: an electrochemical and scanning probe microscopy investigation. Melbourne, Australia: 19th Australia and New Zealand Electrochemistry Symposium (19ANZES), 25-26 Nov 2013.
  • Ke NJ., Golovko VB. and Downard AJ. (2013) Growth of Carbon Nanotubes using Co Nanoparticles supported within porous Anodic Alumina templates. Auckland, New Zealand: Sixth International Conference on Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology (AMN-6), 11-15 Feb 2013.
  • Lee L., Brooksby PA., Leroux YR., Hapiot P. and Downard AJ. (2013) Monolayer Films with Controlled Composition for Bottom-Up Assembly of Functional Surfaces. Auckland, New Zealand: Sixth International Conference on Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology (AMN-6), 11-15 Feb 2013.
  • Lee L., Brooksby PA., Leroux YR., Hapiot P. and Downard AJ. (2013) Preparation of a monolayer carboxylate groups based on the electroreduction of a protected aryldiazonium salt. Bordeaux, France: ElecNano 5, 15-17 May 2013.
  • Lee L., Brooksby PA., Leroux YR., Hapiot P. and Downard AJ. (2013) Preparation of a monolayer tether based on the electroreduction of a protected aryldiazonium salt. Melbourne, Australia: ISE Satellite Student Regional Symposium, 25-25 Nov 2013.
  • Simons BM., Roux CV. and Downard AJ. (2013) Nanoscale surface coatings via aryldiazonium ion reduction. Auckland, New Zealand: 6th International Conference on Advanced Materials and Technology (AMN6), 11-15 Feb 2013.
  • Baronian K., Rawson F. and Downard A. (2012) Electrochemical detection of intracellular and cell membrane redox systems in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Prague, Czech Republic: 63rd Annual Meeting of the International Society of Electrochemistry (ISE), 19-24 Aug 2012.
  • Downard AJ., Glossop B., Roux C., Simons B., Warr R. and Yu S. (2012) Tuning the properties of polymer membranes via covalent grafting of nanoscale organic layers. Perth, Australia: 10th Spring Meeting of the International Society of Electrochemistry (ISE), 15-18 Apr 2012.
  • Downard AJ., Gross AJ., Nock V., Polson MIJ. and Alkaisi MM. (2012) Surface grafting at the interface of flowing streams: In situ generation of aryldiazonium salts inside microchannels. Prague, Czech Republic: 63rd Annual Meeting of the International Society of Electrochemistry (ISE), 19-24 Aug 2012.
  • Simons BM. and Downard AJ. (2012) Surface modification of non-conducting substrates via aryldiazonium cation reduction. Perth, Australia: International Conference on Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICONN 2012), 6-9 Feb 2012.
  • Downard AJ. (2011) Opportunities at the Interface of Electrochemistry and Nanotechnology. Niigata, Japan: 62nd Annual Meeting of the International Society of Electrochemistry, 11-16 Sep 2011.
  • Downard AJ., Garrett DJ., Gross AJ. and Baronian KHR. (2011) User-friendly Carbon Electrodes. Changchun, China: Thirteenth International Symposium on Electroanalytical Chemistry (13th IEAC), 19-22 Aug 2011.
  • Downard AJ., Rawson FJ., Garrett DJ., Leech D. and Baronian K. (2011) A Nanostructured Electrode Functionalised with Osmium Bipyridine Complexes for Whole Cell Biosensing. Niigata, Japan: 62nd Annual Meeting of the International Society of Electrochemistry, 11-16 Sep 2011.
  • Downard AJ., Rawson FJ., Garrett DJ., Leech D. and Baronian KHR. (2011) Whole Cell Biosensing Using a Nanostructured Electrode Functionalised with Osmium Bipyridine Complexes. Hamilton, New Zealand: New Zealand Institute of Chemistry Conference, 27 Nov-1 Dec 2011.
  • Gross A., Bucher C., Coche-Guerente L., Labbé P. and Moutet JC. (2011) Diazonium-based attachment of Ni(II)tetraphenylporphyrin films at surfaces by electrografting. Grenoble, France: Journées d'Electrochimie, JE11, 4-8 Jul 2011.
  • Ke NJ., Anderson DP., Golovko VB. and Downard AJ. (2011) Growth of CNT(F) over Au nanoclusters supported catalysts. Wellington, New Zealand: AMN-5, Fifth International Conference on Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, 7-11 Feb 2011.
  • Ke NJ., Belic D., Brown SA., Downard AJ. and Golovko VB. (2011) Size Controlled Ni/Cu alloy nanoclusters and their influence on carbon nanotube synthesis. Seoul, South Korea: ANC-3, 15-26 Aug 2011.
  • Lee L., Brooksby PA. and Downard AJ. (2011) Surface Modification and Sticky-Surface Formation using Aryldiazonium Cation Chemistry. . Wellington, New Zealand: AMN-5, Fifth International Conference on Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, 7-11 Feb 2011.
  • Leroux YR., Noël JM., Fei M., Roux C., Downard AJ. and Hapiot P. (2011) Use of Sylil Protecting Group in Diazonium Electrochemistry: Formation of Robust Binary Layer and Active Monolayer Covalently Bonded To Carbon Surfaces. Paris, France: Elecnano4 - 7th ECHEMS, 23-26 May 2011.
  • Rawson FJ., Mendes PM., Garrett DJ., Baronian KHR. and Downard AJ. (2011) Interfacing cells with Nano-structured Electrochemical Sensors as Tools for New Biological Insights. University of Newcastle, UK: RSC Chemical Nanoscience Symposium, 30-30 Mar 2011.
  • Simons BM., Lehr J., Roux CV. and Downard AJ. (2011) Modification of non-conducting substrates by aryldiazonium cation reduction. Wellington, New Zealand: AMN-5 Fifth International Conference on Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, 7-11 Feb 2011.
  • Wierzbicki RD., Amato L., Lopacinska A., Heiskanen J., Emnéus P., Downard AJ., Baronian K., Tenje M., Schmidt MS. and Bøggild P. (2011) Titanium Tungsten Coatings for Bioelectrochemical Applications. Boston, MA, USA: TechConnect World, 13-16 Jun 2011.
  • Downard AJ., Lehr J., Garrett D., Flavel B., Williamson B., Brooksby P. and Paulik M. (2010) Single- and Two-Component Patterning of Carbon, Metal and Silicon Substrates by Microcontact Printing with Aryldiazonium Salt Inks. Nice, France: 61st Annual Meeting of the International Society of Electrochemistry, 26 Sep-1 Oct 2010.
  • Flavel B., Gross A., Garrett D., Nock V. and Downard A. (2010) A Simple Approach to Patterned Protein Immobilisation on Silicon via Electrografting from Diazonium Salt Solutions. Sydney, Australia: 2010 International Conference On Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICONN 2010), 22-26 Feb 2010.
  • Gross AJ. and Downard AJ. (2010) Planar carbon materials for electroanalytical applications: Fabrication methods and surface modification strategies. Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand: The MacDiarmid Cutting Edge: Student & Postdoc Symposium, 18-19 Nov 2010.
  • Gross AJ., Yu SSC., Flavel B., Garrett D., Nock V. and Downard AJ. (2010) Direct surface modification with functional nanocoatings. Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Singapore: Asia Nanotech Camp 2010, 3-14 Oct 2010.
  • Lee L., Brooksby PA. and Downard AJ. (2010) Surface Modification and Sticky-Surface Formation using Aryldiazonium Cation Chemistry. Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand: The MacDiarmid Cutting Edge: Student & Postdoc Symposium, 18-19 Nov 2010.
  • Rawson FJ., Downard AJ. and Baronian KHR. (2010) Investigations using a double mediator matrix to probe intracellular and extracellular catabolic electron transfer in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Nice, France: 61st Annual Meeting of the International Society of Electrochemisry, 26 Sep-1 Oct 2010.
  • Simons BM., Lehr J., Roux CLV. and Downard AJ. (2010) Modification of Non-Conducting Substrates by Aryldiazonium Cation Reduction. Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand: The MacDiarmid Cutting Edge: Student & Postdoc Symposium, 18-19 Nov 2010.
  • Stratmann L., Garrett DJ., Downard AJ. and Schuhmann W. (2010) An Epstein Barr Virus immunoassay on Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotubes Electrodes. Ruhr-University of Bochum, Bochum, Germany: Electrochemistry 2010: From Microscopic Understanding to Global Impact, 13-15 Sep 2010.
  • Downard AJ., Lui X. and Baronian KHR. (2009) Patterned arrays of vertically aligned carbon nanotube microelectrodes on carbon films prepared by thermal chemical vapor deposition. Dunedin, New Zealand: 4th International Conference on Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology (AMN-4), 8-12 Feb 2009.
  • Downard AJ., Lui X. and Baronian KHR. (2009) Thermal Chemical Vapour Deposition of Patterned Arrays of Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotube Microelectrodes on Carbon Films. Beijing, China: 60th Annual Meeting of the International Society of Electrochemistry, 16-21 Aug 2009.
  • Downard AJ., Lui X., Garrett DJ. and Baronian KHR. (2009) Vertically aligned carbon nanotube electrodes prepared by thermal chemical vapour deposition and by chemical assembly on carbon substrates. Weingarten, Germany: 5th ECHEMS Meeting, 7-10 Jun 2009.
  • Gross AJ., Yu SSC. and Downard AJ. (2009) Controlled patterning of functional organic layers on carbon substrates utilising electrochemical and photochemical approaches. Dunedin, New Zealand: 4th International Conference on Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology (AMN-4), 8-12 Feb 2009.
  • Lehr J., Garrett DJ., Williamson BE. and Downard AJ. (2009) Investigations and Applications of Spontaneous Grafting of Aryldiazonium Salts. Ankara University, Turkey: 8th International Electrochemistry Meeting in Turkey, 8-11 Oct 2009.
  • Downard AJ. (2008) Surface grafting of nanoscale organic films. Auckland, New Zealand: 5th Polymer Electronics Research Centre Symposium, 24-25 Nov 2008.
  • Downard AJ., Garrett DJ., Lehr J., Tan ESQ. and Baronian KHR. (2008) Organic films structured at the nanoscale as platforms for functional materials. Kuala Lumpur, Malayasia: 2nd International Conference on Functional Materials and Devices (ICFMD-2008), 16-19 Jun 2008.
  • Downard AJ., Lui X., Garrett DJ., Baronian KHR., Flavel BS. and Shapter JG. (2008) Fabrication and characterisation of new carbon electrodes based on pyrolysed photoresist film (PPF) and vertically aligned carbon nanotubes. Sydney, Australia: RACI Electrochemistry Symposium, 27-28 Nov 2008.
  • Garrett DJ., Downard AJ., Lui X., Baronian KHR. and Larsen L. (2008) Design and fabrication of vertically aligned carbon nanotube electrodes and their potential as terminal electron acceptors from bacterial cells. Sydney, Australia: RACI Electrochemistry Symposium, 27-28 Nov 2008.
  • Lehr J., Garrett DJ. and Downard AJ. (2008) Spontaneous Grafting of Aryldiazonium Salts: a New Approach to Microcontact Printing. Seville, Spain: The 59th Annual Meeting of the International Society of Electrochemistry, 7-12 Sep 2008.
  • Liu X., Downard AJ. and Baronian KHR. (2008) Fabrication of Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotube-based Microelectrode Arrays. Melbourne, Australia: 2008 International Conference on Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICONN 2008), 25-29 Feb 2008.
  • Liu X., Garrett DJ., Pietak A., Baronian KHR. and Downard AJ. (2008) Interfaced nanobiosystems: communicating with cells using carbon nanotubes. Auckland, New Zealand: NZBio 2008 Conference, 31 Mar-2 Apr 2008.
  • Brooksby PA., Anderson KH., Downard AJ. and Abell AD. (2007) Olefin Cross Metathesis of a Vinyl Terminated Self-Assembled Monolayer (SAM) on Au(111): An Electrochemical Study Using a Ferrocenyl Redox Center. Wellington, New Zealand: Third International Conference of Advanced Materials & Nanotechnology (AMN-3), 11-16 Feb 2007.
  • Downard A., Brooksby P., Packwood D., Paulik M. and Yu S. (2007) Control of interfacial properties of nanoscale loosely packed organic films electrochemically grafted to conducting surfaces. Banff, Canada: 58th Annual Meeting of the International Society of Electrochemistry (ISE), 9-14 Sep 2007.
  • Downard AJ., Brooksby PA., Cruickshank AC., Paulik MG., Tan ESQ. and Yu SSC. (2007) Exploring the structure and dynamic behaviour of nanoscale surface films using redox probes. Czech Republic: 3rd ECHEMS Meeting, 28 Jun-1 Jul 2007.
  • Downard AJ., Brooksby PA., Yu SSC., Paulik MG., Tan ESQ. and Garrett DG. (2007) Versatile chemistry for functionalising and patterning surfaces. Christchurch, New Zealand: Dumont d'Urville Workshop on Micro and Nanoscale Flow, 10-11 Apr 2007.
  • Downard AJ., Garrett DJ. and Tan SQT. (2007) Soft Lithography Approaches to Patterned Grafting of Organic Layers on Conducting Substrates via Radical Reactions. Wellington, New Zealand: Third International Conference of Advanced Materials & Nanotechnology (AMN-3), 11-16 Feb 2007.
  • Garrett DJ. and Downard AJ. (2007) Microcontact Printing of Carbon Surfaces Utilising the Spontaneous Reduction of Diazonium Salts. Wellington, New Zealand: Third International Conference of Advanced Materials & Nanotechnology (AMN-3), 11-16 Feb 2007.
  • Hapiot P., Barrière F., Downard AJ., Pellissier M. and Zigah D. (2007) Scanning Electrochemical Microscope Imaging of Micro-Patterned Organic Film Arrays on Carbon Surfaces. Banff, Canada: 58th Annual Meeting of the International Society of Electrochemistry (ISE), 9-14 Sep 2007.
  • Lehr J. and Downard AJ. (2007) Modification of Carbon Surfaces via Reactions with Diazonium Salts. Wellington, New Zealand: Third International Conference of Advanced Materials & Nanotechnology (AMN-3), 11-16 Feb 2007.
  • Liu X., Downard AJ. and Baronian KHR. (2007) CVD synthesis of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes with e-beam-evaporated catalysts. Wellington, New Zealand: AMN-3 Satellite Meeting: Nano- & Bionano-Technology, Quantum Transport & Quantum Functional Semiconductors (NBT-QT 2007), 8-10 Feb 2007.
  • Liu X., Downard AJ. and Baronian KHR. (2007) Spatially Separated and Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotube Arrays for Biological Sensing. Wellington, New Zealand: Third International Conference of Advanced Materials & Nanotechnology (AMN-3), 11-16 Feb 2007.
  • Yu SSC. and Downard AJ. (2007) Photochemical and Electrochemical Grafting of Molecular Thin Films to Carbon Surfaces. Wellington, New Zealand: Third International Conference of Advanced Materials & Nanotechnology (AMN-3), 11-16 Feb 2007.
  • Zigah D., Pellissier M., Barrière F., Downard AJ. and Hapiot P. (2007) Scanning Electrochemical microscope imaging of micropatterned organic film arrays on carbon surfaces. Saint Leonard des Bois, France: Journées Scientifiques de la Société Française de Chimie (SFC 2007), 14-16 May 2007.
  • Brooksby PA., Anderson KH., Downard AJ. and Abell AD. (2006) Olefin Cross Metathesis of a Vinyl Terminated Self-Assembled Monolayer (SAM) on Au(111). An Electrochemical Study Using a Ferrocenyl Redox Center. Rotorua, New Zealand: NZIC Conference 2006 "Back to the Basics: From Small Molecules to Materials and Surfaces", 2-6 Dec 2006.
  • Cruickshank AC. and Downard AJ. (2006) The Electrochemistry of Hydrogen Peroxide at Gold Nanoparticles Assembled onto Amine Films Grafted to Carbon Surfaces. Singapore: 4th International Society of Electrochemistry (ISE) Spring Meeting 2006, 17-20 Apr 2006.
  • Downard AJ., Garrett DJ. and Tan ESQ. (2006) Electrochemistry and Soft Lithography for Patterning Organic Films on Carbon Surfaces at the Microscale. La Palma, Canary Islands: 2nd ECHEMS Meeting, 22-25 Jun 2006.
  • Lehr J. and Downard A. (2006) Spontaneous Modification of Carbon Surfaces Using Diazonium Salts. Rotorua, New Zealand: NZIC Conference 2006 "Back to the Basics: From Small Molecules to Materials and Surfaces", 2-6 Dec 2006.
  • Lehr J. and Downard AJ. (2006) Bio-fuel cells and Miniaturized Implantable Devices: Ethical and Social Issues. University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand: The 2006 MacDiarmid Institute Student and Postdoctoral Symposium, 29-30 Nov 2006.
  • Liu X., Downard AJ. and Baronian KHR. (2006) Probing the Electron Transfer Process inside Cells with "Wired" Carbon Nanotubes. University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand: The 2006 MacDiarmid Institute Student and Postdoctoral Symposium, 29-30 Nov 2006.
  • Panther JG., Downard AJ. and Powell KJ. (2006) Development and Application of Diffusive Gradients in Thin films for Determining Inorganic Arsenic Concentrations in Natural Waters. Montreal, Canada: Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) North America 27th Annual Meeting, 5-9 Nov 2006.
  • Panther JG., Downard AJ. and Powell KJ. (2006) Diffusive Gradients in Thin Films (DGT) for Determining Inorganic Arsenic Concentrations in Natural Waters. Wollongong, Australia: 14th Annual RACI Analytical and Environmental Divisions R&D Topics, 5-8 Dec 2006.
  • Yu SSC. and Downard AJ. (2006) Developing Nanotechnology for Bio-applications. Auckland, New Zealand: The MacDiarmid Young Scientist of the Year Awards Conference, 7-7 Jun 2006.
  • Yu SSC. and Downard AJ. (2006) Electrochemical and Photochemical Surface Modification of Carbon Surfaces with Nano-Dimensioned Molecular Films. Singapore: The 3rd International Conference on Advances of Thin Films and Surface Coatings (Thin Films 2006), 11-15 Dec 2006.
  • Yu SSC. and Downard AJ. (2006) Surface Functionalization of Materials. University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand: The 2006 MacDiarmid Institute Student and Postdoctoral Symposium, 29-30 Nov 2006.
  • Anderson KH., Downard AJ., Brooksby P. and Abell AD. (2005) Synthesis and Electrochemistry of β-Peptides on Gold. Beijing, China: 40th IUPAC Congress, 14 Aug 2005.
  • Berthier ES., l'Hostis F., Alkaisi MM., Downard A. and Blaikie RJ. (2005) Microfluidic circuit integration using multilayer soft lithography methods and PDMS. Queenstown, New Zealand: AMN-2: Second International Conference on Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, 6 Feb 2005.
  • Brooksby PA. and Downard AJ. (2005) Nitrophenyl and nitrobenzene thin films on carbon surfaces. Queenstown, New Zealand: AMN-2: Second International Conference on Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, 6 Feb 2005.
  • Downard AJ. (2005) Smartening-up carbon: Towards chemically well-defined interfaces through attachment of molecular layers. Queenstown, New Zealand: AMN-2: Second International Conference on Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, 6 Feb 2005.
  • Downard AJ. and Du Plessis R. (2005) Nanotechnologies in New Zealand: A Cross-Disciplinary Dialogue. Queenstown, New Zealand: Foundations for Success Symposium (FRST): Nanotechnologies in New Zealand: Opportunities and Challenges, 10 Feb 2005.
  • Tan ESQ. and Downard AJ. (2005) Electrochemical grafting of multilayer amine films onto thin-film carbon substrates. Queenstown, New Zealand: AMN-2: Second International Conference on Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, 6 Feb 2005.
  • Yu SSC. and Downard AJ. (2005) Dynamic behavior of organic thin films attached to carbon surfaces. Omiya Sonic City, Japan: ISS-4: International Symposium on Surface Science and Nanotechnology, 14 Nov 2005.
  • Yu SSC. and Downard AJ. (2005) The Effects of applied potential on organic films electrochemically grafted to carbon electrodes. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: International Symposium on Functional Materials, 5 Dec 2005.
  • Yu SSC., Downard AJ., Brooksby PA., Tan ESQ. and Blaikie RJ. (2005) Fabrication and Surface Modification of Composite Carbon and Silicon Hybrid Materials. Queenstown, New Zealand: 2nd International Conference on Advanced Materials and Nanotechology (AMN-2), 6 Feb 2005.
  • Baronian KHR., Downard AJ., Gurazada S. and Robson D. (2004) Electrochemical detection of yeast cellular responses to external substrates. Broadbeach, Queensland, Australia: Interact 2004, 4 Jul 2004.
  • Cruickshank AC., Downard AJ. and Roddick-Lanzilotta AD. (2004) Electroreduction of L-cystine to L-cycteine. Broadbeach, Queensland, Australia: Interact 2004, 4 Jul 2004.
  • Downard AJ., Brooksby PA., Tan ESQ. and Yu SSC. (2004) Micro- and nanoscale structures on carbon substrates via covalently attached molecular layers. Broadbeach, Queensland, Australia: Interact 2004, 4 Jul 2004.
  • Panther JG., Downard AJ., Powell HKJ. and Stillwell K. (2004) The application of DGT (diffusive gradients in thin films) for in-situ arsenic accumulation. Broadbeach, Queensland, Australia: Interact 2004, 4 Jul 2004.
  • Tan ESQ., Downard AJ., Brooksby PA. and Yu SSC. (2004) Immobilisation of Gold Nanoparticles on Amine Functionalised Carbon Substrates. San Francisco, CA, USA: International Congress of Nanotechnology (ICNT), 7 Nov 2004.
  • Baronian KHR., Downard AJ., Gurazada S. and Robson D. (2003) Electrochemical detection of yeast cellular responses to external substrates. Nelson, New Zealand: 2003 New Zealand Institute of Chemistry Conference, 30 Nov 2003.
  • Brooksby PA. and Downard AJ. (2003) Comparison of films formed by diazonium reduction in aqueous and non-aqueous solutions: an electrochemical and AFM study. Nelson, New Zealand: 2003 New Zealand Institute of Chemistry Conference, 30 Nov 2003.
  • Brooksby PA. and Downard AJ. (2003) Molecular patterning on smooth carbon films using electrochemistry and photolithography. Wellington, New Zealand: AMN-1: First International Conference on Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, 9 Feb 2003.
  • Cruickshank AC., Downard AJ. and Roddick-Lanzilotta AD. (2003) Electroreduction of L-cystine to L-cysteine. Nelson, New Zealand: 2003 New Zealand Institute of Chemistry Conference, 30 Nov 2003.
  • Downard AJ. (2003) Science Outreach and Nanotechnology. Bangkok, Thailand: Workshop on Human Resources Development in Nanotechnology, 5 Jul 2003.
  • Downard AJ., Brooksby PA., Tan ESQ. and Yu SSC. (2003) Organic layers on carbon substrates: designed reactivity and structure. Nelson, New Zealand: 2003 New Zealand Institute of Chemistry Conference, 30 Nov 2003.
  • Panther JG., Downard AJ., Powell HKJ. and Stillwell K. (2003) The Application of DGT (Diffusive gradients in thin films) for in-situ arsenic accumulation. Nelson, New Zealand: 2003 New Zealand Institute of Chemistry Conference, 30 Nov 2003.
  • Tan ESQ., Downard AJ. and Jackson S. (2003) Adhesion of protein to modified carbon surfaces. Nelson, New Zealand: 2003 New Zealand Institute of Chemistry Conference, 30 Nov 2003.
  • Yu SSC., Downard AJ., Brooksby PA. and Blaikie RJ. (2003) Fabrication and modification of patterned carbon and silicon. Nelson, New Zealand: 2003 New Zealand Institute of Chemistry Conference, 30 Nov 2003.
  • Downard AJ. and Brooksby P. (2002) Thin Carbon Films: Laying the Foundation for Nanoscale Structures. Pusan, Korea: Founding International Symposium of the Asian Institute of Nanobioscience and Technology, 22 Nov 2002.
  • Downard AJ. (2001) Electrochemically assisted covalent modification of carbon surfaces. Napier, New Zealand: New Zealand Institute of Chemsitry Conference - Molecules for Life, 4 Dec 2001.
  • Downard AJ., Goodwin NJ. and Henderson W. (2000) New insights into the reactions of ferrocenyl phosphines after one electron oxidation. Siena, Italy: Metal-containing Molecules, 1st Chianti Electrochemistry Conference, 29 Jul 2000.
Reports
  • Downard AJ. (2016) Sabbatical Leave Report: 13 July - 15 December 2015.Commissioned by UC.
Oral Presentations
  • Downard AJ. (2007) Functionalisation of glassy carbon and pyrolysed photoresist film by reduction of diazonium salts and photolysis of alkenes: structure, properties, dynamic behaviour and patterning of the layers. Rennes, France: Journ�e Carbone, 29 Jun 2007.
Intellectual Property
  • Cruickshank AC., Downard AJ. and Roddick-Lanzilotta AD. (2004) Electrochemical wool treatment.Patent No. 533853.
  • Cruickshank AC., Downard AJ. and Roddick-Lanzilotta AD. (2004) Electrochemical wool treatment.Patent No. 533853.

Affiliations

  • International Accreditation New Zealand (IANZ) (Professional Organisation): Technical Expert in the field of chemical testing
  • International Society of Electrochemistry (ISE) (Professional Organisation): Member and Vice President
  • MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology (Teaching/Research Organisation): Principal Investigator
  • New Zealand Institute of Chemistry (NZIC) (Professional Organisation): Member

Equipment

  • Autolab PGSTAT 302
  • Research Spectrometer Bruker Vertex 70
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